What does a dirty bomb primarily aim to disperse?

A dirty bomb, also known as a radiological dispersal device, primarily aims to disperse radioactive materials. The intent of using such a device is to spread radioactive contamination over a wide area, leading to panic, disruption, and potential long-term health risks due to radiation exposure.

While a dirty bomb does often include conventional explosives to propel the radioactive materials, the main purpose and characteristic of such a weapon is the radioactive element itself. This distinguishes it from other types of bombs that might focus on chemical or flammable agents. Thus, the core function of a dirty bomb is its use of radioactive materials to instigate fear and impact public safety, rather than simply to cause destruction through explosive force alone or through chemical means.